THERESA MAY - PRIME MINISTER?

Theresa May MP

Has now put her ‘hat into the ring’ in the TORY party leadership elections, claiming that she will be a great Prime Minister.

Here, is the stark vivid evidence proving that she should never ever be the Prime Minister. As, Home Secretary, she chose and elected to purposely enhance her own political career and ambitions; in preference from, doing her duty. Here is that evidence:

FACT 1. CYBER CRIME

Cyber Crime is the very worst crime committed today by ‘computer hackers’ in the entire world’s sphere of Internet Technology. National governments world-wide are always fearful and alert to this threat and constantly are forced to spend enormous sums and resources in order to combat it. Big Business world-wide, Banks, and Internet Service Providers are frequently ‘hacked into’ by these cyber criminals, who steal money, and, steal or copy personal and private data, from their consumer lists.

CYBER CRIME is a very serious crime indeed.

 

FACT 2.

A, British, CYBER CRIMINAL, a young man by the name of, ‘GARY McKINNON, hacked into the “United States of America” – “National Defence Computers” at the ‘Pentagon’ in Washington; and, during that ‘hacking’ of those computers, he caused considerable damage to those computers, thereby, actually 'PUTTING AT RISK' the National Security of the United States. One of the engineers responsible for those computers remarked, “This was the worst case of hacking and hacking damage that I have ever seen”. The United States Government ordered the most stringent investigation to be carried out; and subsequently it was proven and determined that ‘McKinnon’, was responsible. They advised the British government of this and he was arrested and placed in custody. He was, then, now under the direct responsibility of, THERESA MAY, the Home Secretary.

 FACT 3.

The United States Government then submitted to, Theresa May, their right of request, in order to extradite McKinnon to the United States for trial.

 FACT 4.

All hell, then breaks out in the country. Corrupt, Anti-American, politicians and the even more corrupt, ‘Anti-American’, British newspapers and Media, mounted and published a, “SAVE McKINNON”, campaign. Wholly, intent, on denying the American’s of their right to punish ‘McKINNON’, for what he had done. The “Daily Mail” one of the foremost supporters of this campaign published repeatedly that he should not be subjected to the American ‘corrupt’ criminal justice system; but, instead, he should be tried for this crime that he had committed, here in the UK. All the newspapers and Media was overwhelmed daily with this, “SAVE McKINNON”, campaign.

 FACT 5.

McKINNON’s mother, and a wholly corrupt medical practitioner, then submitted the evidence to, Theresa May, that McKINNON was suffering from “Asperger’s Disease” and, that if he was extradited to the United States, that he could not be properly treated for that disease. This claim was also widely publicised by the entire, “SAVE McKINNON” campaign.

 FACT 6.

The United States of America, within its borders, has all the medical expertise necessary in order to treat any disease or medical affliction known to man. The United States Criminal Justice System; has all the access to this ‘expertise’ at any time, in order to treat anyone, incarcerated in any American penal institution. This “Asperger’s” submission by McKinnon’s mother and this corrupt doctor, was merely a corrupt and dastardly ‘ploy’ in order to prevent McKinnon being extradited to the United States. THERESA MAY, either, was fooled by this ‘ploy’; or, she ‘accepted it as fact’, in order to suit her own vested interests and purposes.

 

FACT 7.

Theresa May, seeing all this evidence and the massive public, Anti-American, support, generated by this campaign, and, witnessing, the massive support there was for this campaign; She instantly recognized, that it would ‘enhance’ her own career and her own political ambitions; if she refused the American’s request to extradite; and, if she did not punish McKINNON, for his crime.

Result, THERESA MAY did not even order that McKINNON should be tried in this country for his wicked CYBER CRIME; THIS FILTHY CYBER CRIMINAL, – She just let ‘walk out of the door’ Scott-free!

The very next day the "DAILY MAIL" actually verified her disgusting calculations to further enhance her own career; this newspaper glowingly praised her for what she had done.

NO WONDER, TODAY, THAT THE DAILY MAIL VOCIFEROUSLY SUPPORTS HER LEADERSHIP CAMPAIGN.

 

FACT 8.

Without a shred of doubt, THERESA MAY, the, British Home Secretary, purposely and calculatingly, elected to ‘enhance her own career’, in preference to, “DOING HER DUTY”.

Every computer owner, or user, throughout the country who forever, every day fears the 'computer hacker', and, who, is forced repeatedly to pay a software company for 'virus protection'; must now ensure:

1. That, THERESA MAY, never ever becomes Prime Minister

2. That, they never again buy the corrupt "Daily Mail"

THERESA MAY IS WHOLLY CORRUPT.

SHE MUST NEVER EVER BE A PRIME MINISTER,

OF THIS COUNTRY.

 

 

 

ABOLISH THE WHIPS, Letter to David Cameron, Prime Minister

BREXIT was the very 'last straw' for me.
Absolute political chaos, turmoil, and confusion; the '£' falling drastically; yet, both TORY and LABOUR politicians 'fighting with each other' trying to secure more political power and control. Right at this very moment, only one thing should be on their minds, "This country's new direction now that we have 'chosen' to leave the EU." Careful analysis of all of this, now warrants, immediate very drastic remedy. The, POLITICAL PARTY's, and, their present overwhelming domination and control of this nation has got us all into this plight and mess; the overwhelming 'POWER' of the political party's, must now be completely destroyed. WE, "The People", of this nation today, in reality, have no participation, at all. Hence, my letter to the Prime Minister, shown here below:



June 24, 2016

The Rt Hon David Cameron MP

The Prime Minister

10 Downing Street

London SW1A 2AA

 

Dear Prime Minister

 

Firstly, I am not a TORY; I actually loathe and detest everything that TORY, stands for and is.

But, I have to admire you personally, for the very hard fight you put up for the EU ‘REMAIN’ campaign. And, here, although I compliment your splendid effort to fight to defend the campaign; I must also criticise you for cowardly giving in to the ‘anti-European’ right wing of the TORY party; and, trying to placate them; that forced you to announce that there was to be a REFERENDUM, in the first place. If you had not decided that the REFERENDUM was necessary, there would have been no ‘vote to leave’ that took place yesterday at all. You, Sir, are entirely personally responsible for the plight, all the British People, must face now. I therefore, now address this ‘Ultimatum’ to both you and any successor, of the office of Prime Minister.

 

Sincerely

Gordon J Sheppard

Status: 89 years of age, retired. Not a Member of any political party.

  

ULTIMATUM

 

1.     On 25.04.2014 parliament passed the “Second Reading of the HS2 Bill”, 451 votes for, and only 50 votes against; all carried out, under the UNLAWFUL influence, of the political party WHIPS.

2.     On the 12.5.16 parliament also passed the, “Housing and Planning Act 2016”, 292 votes for, and 197 votes against, also under the UNLAWFUL influence of the WHIPS; and, therefore and thereby, neither of these two Bills have any true legal validity at all.

3.     On the 13.5.16 Her Majesty the Queen granted the “Royal Assent” to this “Housing and Planning Act 2016”; thereby, granting the ‘assent’ to corrupt law.

A.     The political party WHIPS in parliament in instructing ‘elected’ Members of Parliament on how they should or must vote; overrules and supplants all ‘rightful influence’ placed upon those Members by the constituents; this creates the, “Prejudice of the People”.

B.     Yet, “Prejudice of the People” is wholly proscribed by the ‘precedent of law’ set out and recorded in the, “Statute in Force/Bill of Rights 1689/The Said Rights Claimed”.

Here is that paragraph in that Bill:

“The Said Rights Claimed”:

“And they do Claime Demand and Insist upon all and singular

The Premises as their undoubted Rights and Liberties and that

noe Declarations Judgements Doeings or Proceedings to the

Prejudice of the People, in any of the said Premises, ought in

any wise to be drawne hereafter, into Consequence or Example”

 

C.     Parliaments, “SUPREMACY”

This is afforded to Parliament by “Article 9” of the “Bill of Rights 1689”; and this reads as follows:

“That the Freedome of Speech Debates and Proceedings of Parlyament ought not to be Impeached or Questioned in any court or place out of Parlyament”.

 

The British Judiciary has ‘conspired to pervert the course of justice’ and to deceive the British people by constantly asserting and ruling that this “Article 9” is, absolute; thereby, denying all or any challenge to parliament, in the courts. But, “Article 9” is not absolute; it is merely, conditional. Being totally reliant upon the conditions as set out in, “The Said Rights Claimed”. (As shown above). Therefore,

D.    The political party WHIPS in parliament has no legality at all.

E.     The illegality of the WHIPS in parliament can be challenged in the courts.

F.      Her Majesty the Queen cannot grant the “Royal Assent” to corrupt law.

 

This, ULTIMATUM, then instructs the Prime Minister (whoever that may be) to immediately ‘abolish’ the UNLAWFUL political party WHIPS in parliament. To remove all traces of the WHIPS, without any delay.

If the Prime Minister, arrogantly ignores this ‘Ultimatum’ and refuses to abolish the WHIPS’, I shall immediately issue a public challenge to ELIZABETH THE SECOND, challenging her ‘legal’ right to occupy the English throne. She has granted the “Royal Assent” to corrupt law repeatedly, more recently, (The “Housing and Planning Act 2016”) and, she has not once honoured the “Original Contract” all of the time she has sat upon the throne.

 

THE HISTORY AND THE PRECEDENT OF LAW DETERMINING THE DUTY OF ALL ‘REIGNING MONARCH’S’ THAT SIT UPON THE ENGLISH THRONE.

The “DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS” departed from this land when ‘Charles the First’ had his head cut off. Thereafter, all “Reigning Monarch’s” only rule by ‘consent’ of the people.

(1), Every reigning Monarch sitting upon the English throne is required to honour and comply with the “Original Contract”

(2), In spite of any ‘conspiracy’ that took place betwixt Monarchy and Parliament in the institution of, “CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY”, (that actually unlawfully removed the ‘people’s protection’ from this contract), this does not relieve the “Reigning Monarch of England” from carrying out that duty. Both Monarchy and Parliament may ‘assume that it does’; but, by ‘precedent of law’ as long as there is a ‘Reigning Monarch’ sitting upon that English throne; they are always obliged to both honour and comply with the, “Original Contract”.

 

(3), The ‘unwritten contract’, existing in English Law, betwixt Monarch and the People”

(4), The CONVENTION (Parliament) of 1688 removed ‘King James the Second’ from the throne for, “Breaking the Original Contract Betwixt King and People”; The, CONVENTION, determined, that thereby he had ‘failed to protect the people’, abdicating the throne. The CONVENTION ruled, that the throne was, Vacant. Prince William of Orange became the next King.

(5), In a huge, “FREE CONFERENCE”, “Debate at Large” held in the ‘Painted Chamber’ of the House of Commons, between 28th January 1688 and 6^th February 1688, held between both “Commons and Lords”, they debated the ‘words’, “Abdicated” and the, “Vacancy of the Throne”. And, at the conclusion of that debate it was resolved that, (a), King James the Second, had failed to honour the “Original Contract”; that, (b), he had abdicated the throne; that, (c) the throne was, VACANT.

 (6), During that debate, it was established as the ‘precedent of law’ that the “Original Contract” although, ‘unwritten’; it did actually exist in English Law. In this “FREE CONFERENCE” debate, HENRI POWLE, the Speaker of the CONVENTION, declared this:

 

“It is from those that are upon the Throne of England (when there are any such) from whom the People of England ought to receive Protection; and to whom, for that Cause, they owe the Allegiance of Subjects; but there being none now from whom they expect Regal Protection, and to whom, for that Cause they owe the Allegiance of Subjects, the Commons conceive, The Throne is Vacant."

 

With, King James II, being removed from the throne and with the throne being declared, VACANT’; the CONVENTION, then turned their attention to the, “Lineal Descent”, (all other Kings or Queens who would occupy the throne), and, they further determined that,

“The Contract is as binding upon the Successor as well as it was on the Deposed if the Successor breaks the Contract they too can be Deposed”.

 

Note: ELIZABETH THE SECOND has not once honoured that “Original Contract” all of the time she has occupied that ‘English’ throne. She has repeatedly ‘franked and rubber-stamped’ Bills and Laws passed by parliament under the UNLAWFUL political party WHIPS; granting the “Royal Assent” to corrupt law.

 

Prime Minister, if the WHIPS are not abolished from Parliament immediately, I shall expose to the British People this sham of a ‘Monarchy’ we endure now.

 

The ‘Reigning Monarch’ of England is provided with two ‘legal instruments’ that have been specifically created and designed to, ‘protect the people’. They are, “The Royal Assent” and “The Royal Prerogative”. The very last time the “Royal Assent” was refused to a Bill that was passed in parliament, was on the 11^th March in the year 1708, when Queen Anne refused to grant it to the Bill for the “Settlement of the Militia in Scotland.”

Ever since that date, every ‘Reigning Monarch’ that has sat upon the ‘English’ has treated all their ‘Subjects’ with sheer contempt.

 

In conclusion: 
I am a FREEBORN citizen of Planet Earth; yet in LAW; in English LAW, I am classified as a "Subject of the Crown". That, is an imposition upon me. Therefore, if I am to endure this 'unlawful' subjugation imposed upon me; I demand the 'protection of each Reigning Monarch; for as long as a Monarch shall reign. "Allegiance is given to the Liege Lord for the protection of the Liege Lord" - "The Original Contract".

Respectfully suggest that you should read my book "DEMOCRACY"; it is a guide for the British for proper participation. I pose fourteen questions for you to answer and, I provide the answers, that you need to know. Read and learn how you are being badly and unlawfully governed, and read also how Monarchy holds you in imposed subjugation without your consent. The book is available cheaply in two formats: a Kindle e-book and a paperback, and it can be purchased here: http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/1500465984

Read also this petition: https://www.change.org/p/the-lord-chief-justice-of-england-and-wales-the-rt-hon-lord-thomas-of-cwmgiedd-petition-to-create-a-true-democracy?recruiter=63876526&utm_source=share_petition&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=share_twitter_responsive

 

 

 

 

June 24, 2016

The Rt Hon David Cameron MP

The Prime Minister

10 Downing Street

London SW1A 2AA

 

Dear Prime Minister

 

Firstly, I am not a TORY; I actually loathe and detest everything that TORY, stands for and is.

But, I have to admire you personally, for the very hard fight you put up for the EU ‘REMAIN’ campaign. And, here, although I compliment your splendid effort to fight to defend the campaign; I must also criticise you for cowardly giving in to the ‘anti-European’ right wing of the TORY party; and, trying to placate them; that forced you to announce that there was to be a REFERENDUM, in the first place. If you had not decided that the REFERENDUM was necessary, there would have been no ‘vote to leave’ that took place yesterday at all. You, Sir, are entirely personally responsible for the plight, all the British People, must face now. I am sad and disappointed that you have elected to resign. But, I therefore now address this ‘Ultimatum’ to both you and any successor, of the office of Prime Minister.

 

Sincerely

Gordon J Sheppard

Status: 89 years of age, retired. Not a Member of any political party.

 

 

ULTIMATUM

 

1.     On 25.04.2014 parliament passed the “Second Reading of the HS2 Bill”, 451 votes for, and only 50 votes against; all carried out, under the UNLAWFUL influence, of the political party WHIPS.

2.     On the 12.5.16 parliament also passed the, “Housing and Planning Act 2016”, 292 votes for, and 197 votes against, also under the UNLAWFUL influence of the WHIPS; and, therefore and thereby, neither of these two Bills have any true legal validity at all.

3.     On the 13.5.16 Her Majesty the Queen granted the “Royal Assent” to this “Housing and Planning Act 2016”; thereby, granting the ‘assent’ to corrupt law.

A.     The political party WHIPS in parliament in instructing ‘elected’ Members of Parliament on how they should or must vote; overrules and supplants all ‘rightful influence’ placed upon those Members by the constituents; this creates the, “Prejudice of the People”.

B.     Yet, “Prejudice of the People” is wholly proscribed by the ‘precedent of law’ set out and recorded in the, “Statute in Force/Bill of Rights 1689/The Said Rights Claimed”.

Here is that paragraph in that Bill:

“The Said Rights Claimed”:

“And they do Claime Demand and Insist upon all and singular

The Premises as their undoubted Rights and Liberties and that

noe Declarations Judgements Doeings or Proceedings to the

Prejudice of the People, in any of the said Premises, ought in

any wise to be drawne hereafter, into Consequence or Example”

 

C.     Parliaments, “SUPREMACY”

This is afforded to Parliament by “Article 9” of the “Bill of Rights 1689”; and this reads as follows:

 

“That the Freedome of Speech Debates and Proceedings of Parlyament ought not to be Impeached or Questioned in any court or place out of Parlyament”.

 The British Judiciary has ‘conspired to pervert the course of justice’ and to deceive the British people by constantly asserting and ruling that this “Article 9” is, absolute; thereby, denying all or any challenge to parliament, in the courts. But, “Article 9” is not absolute; it is merely, conditional. Being totally reliant upon the conditions as set out in, “The Said Rights Claimed”. (As shown above). Therefore,

D.    The political party WHIPS in parliament has no legality at all.

E.     The illegality of the WHIPS in parliament can be challenged in the courts.

F.      Her Majesty the Queen cannot grant the “Royal Assent” to corrupt law.

 

This, ULTIMATUM, then, instructs the Prime Minister (whoever that may be) to immediately ‘abolish’ the UNLAWFUL political party WHIPS in parliament. To remove all traces of the WHIPS, without any delay.

 

If the Prime Minister, arrogantly ignores this ‘Ultimatum’ and refuses to abolish the WHIPS’, I shall immediately issue a public challenge to ELIZABETH THE SECOND, challenging her ‘legal’ right to occupy the English throne. She has granted the “Royal Assent” to corrupt law repeatedly, more recently to the, (The “Housing and Planning Act 2016”); and, she has not once honoured the “Original Contract” all of the time she has sat upon the throne.

 

THE HISTORY AND THE PRECEDENT OF LAW DETERMINING THE DUTY OF ALL ‘REIGNING MONARCH’S’ THAT SIT UPON THE ENGLISH THRONE.

The “DIVINE RIGHT OF KINGS” departed from this land 'England' when ‘Charles the First’ had his head cut off. Thereafter, all “Reigning Monarch’s” only rule by ‘consent’ of the people.

(1), Every reigning Monarch sitting upon the English throne is required to honour and comply with the “Original Contract”

 

(2), I spite of any ‘conspiracy’ that took place betwixt Monarchy and Parliament in the institution of, “CONSTITUTIONAL MONARCHY”, (that actually unlawfully removed the ‘people’s protection’ from this contract), this does not relieve the “Reigning Monarch of England” from carrying out that duty. Both Monarchy and Parliament may ‘assume that it does’; but, by ‘precedent of law’ as long as there is a ‘Reigning Monarch’ sitting upon that English throne; they are always obliged to both honour and comply with the, “Original Contract”.

(3), The ‘unwritten contract’, existing in English Law, betwixt Monarch and the People”

(4), The CONVENTION (Parliament) of 1688 removed ‘King James the Second’ from the throne for, “Breaking the Original Contract Betwixt King and People”; The, CONVENTION, determined, that thereby he had ‘failed to protect the people’, abdicating the throne. The CONVENTION ruled, that the throne was, Vacant. Prince William of Orange became the next King.

 

(5), In a huge, “FREE CONFERENCE”, “Debate at Large”, held in the ‘Painted Chamber’ of the House of Commons, between 28th January 1688 and 6^th February 1688, held between both “Commons and Lords”, they debated the ‘words’, “Abdicated” and the, “Vacancy of the Throne”. And, at the conclusion of that debate it was resolved that, (a), King James the Second, had failed to honour the “Original Contract”; that, (b), he had abdicated the throne; that, (c) the throne was, VACANT.

(6), During that debate, it was established as the ‘precedent of law’ that the “Original Contract” although, ‘unwritten’; it did actually exist in English Law. In this “FREE CONFERENCE” debate, HENRI POWLE, the Speaker of the CONVENTION, declared this:

 

“It is from those that are upon the Throne of England (when there are any such) from whom the People of England ought to receive Protection; and to whom, for that Cause, they owe the Allegiance of Subjects; but there being none now from whom they expect Regal Protection, and to whom, for that Cause they owe the Allegiance of Subjects, the Commons conceive, The Throne is Vacant."

 This is, "The Original Contract"

With, King James II, being removed from the throne and with the throne being declared, VACANT’; the CONVENTION, then turned their attention to the, “Lineal Descent”, (all other Kings or Queens who would occupy the throne), and, they further determined that,

 

“The Contract is as binding upon the Successor as well as it was on the Deposed if the Successor breaks the Contract they too can be Deposed”.

 

Note: ELIZABETH THE SECOND has not once honoured that “Original Contract” all of the time she has occupied that ‘English’ throne. She has repeatedly ‘franked and rubber-stamped’ Bills and Laws passed by parliament under the UNLAWFUL political party WHIPS; granting the “Royal Assent” to corrupt law.

 Prime Minister, if the WHIPS are not abolished from Parliament immediately, I shall expose to the British People this sham of a ‘Monarchy’, that we endure now.

The ‘Reigning Monarch’ of England is provided with two ‘legal instruments’ that have been specifically created and designed to, ‘protect the people’. They are, “The Royal Assent” and “The Royal Prerogative”. The very last time the “Royal Assent” was refused to a Bill that was passed in parliament, was on the 11^th March in the year 1708, when Queen Anne refused to grant it to the Bill for the, “Settlement of the Militia in Scotland.”

 

Ever since that date, every ‘Reigning Monarch’ that has sat upon the ‘English’ has treated all their ‘Subjects’ with sheer contempt.

 In conclusion:

 

Respectfully suggest that you should read my book "DEMOCRACY"; it is a guide for the British for proper participation. I pose fourteen questions for you to answer and, I provide the answers, that you need to know. Read and learn how you are being badly and unlawfully governed, and read also how Monarchy holds you in imposed subjugation without your consent. The book is available cheaply in two formats: a Kindle e-book and a paperback, and it can be purchased here: http://www.amazon.co.uk/dp/1500465984

Read also this petition: https://www.change.org/p/the-lord-chief-justice-of-england-and-wales-the-rt-hon-lord-thomas-of-cwmgiedd-petition-to-create-a-true-democracy?recruiter=63876526&utm_source=share_petition&utm_medium=twitter&utm_campaign=share_twitter_responsive

 

 

 

 

LEAVING THE EU...

And, Constitutional Law...

For all those that think voting to leave the EU in this referendum means that we leave immediately the moment we vote "OUT" in the ballot box; they are in for a rude awakening. Constitutional Law determines otherwise. I therefore suggest before voting "OUT" they all should look at this: https://ukconstitutionallaw.org/2016/06/22/alan-renwick-the-road-to-brexit/

It could be months and even years before that objective is achieved.

LEAVING THE EU....

And, Constitutional Law

For all those voting to leave the EU, who think that if they vote this way this will mean that Britain quits the EU immediately; they are in for a rude awakening. It just will not happen.

Suggest, before you vote, you have a look at this:

https://ukconstitutionallaw.org/2016/06/22/alan-renwick-the-road-to-brexit/

BILL OF RIGHTS 1689 (Revised and edited copy)

E+W

Bill of Rights [1688]

1688 CHAPTER 2 1 Will and Mar Sess 2

An Act declareing the Rights and Liberties of the Subject and Setleing the Succession of the Crowne.

X1Whereas the Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Comons assembled at Westminster lawfully fully and freely representing all the Estates of the People of this Realme did upon the thirteenth day of February in the yeare of our Lord one thousand six hundred eighty eight present unto their Majesties then called and known by the Names and Stile of William and Mary Prince and Princesse of Orange being present in their proper Persons a certaine Declaration in Writeing made by the said Lords and Comons in the Words following viz

The Heads of Declaration of Lords and Commons, recited.

Whereas the late King James the Second by the Assistance of diverse evill Councellors Judges and Ministers imployed by him did endeavour to subvert and extirpate the Protestant Religion and the Lawes and Liberties of this Kingdome.

Dispensing and Suspending Power.

By Assumeing and Exerciseing a Power of Dispensing with and Suspending of Lawes and the Execution of Lawes without Consent of Parlyament.

Committing Prelates.

By Committing and Prosecuting diverse Worthy Prelates for humbly Petitioning to be excused from Concurring to the said Assumed Power.

Ecclesiastical Commission.

By issueing and causeing to be executed a Commission under the Great Seale for Erecting a Court called The Court of Commissioners for Ecclesiasticall Causes.

Levying Money.

By Levying Money for and to the Use of the Crowne by pretence of Prerogative for other time and in other manner then the same was granted by Parlyament.

Standing Army.

By raising and keeping a Standing Army within this Kingdome in time of Peace without Consent of Parlyament and Quartering Soldiers contrary to Law.

Disarming Protestants, &c.

By causing severall good Subjects being Protestants to be disarmed at the same time when Papists were both Armed and Imployed contrary to Law.

Violating Elections.

By Violating the Freedome of Election of Members to serve in Parlyament.

Illegal Prosecutions.

By Prosecutions in the Court of Kings Bench for Matters and Causes cognizable onely in Parlyament and by diverse other Arbitrary and Illegall Courses.

Juries.

And whereas of late yeares Partiall Corrupt and Unqualifyed Persons have beene returned and served on Juryes in Tryalls and particularly diverse Jurors in Tryalls for High Treason which were not Freeholders,

Excessive Bail.

And excessive Baile hath beene required of Persons committed in Criminall Cases to elude the Benefitt of the Lawes made for the Liberty of the Subjects.

Fines.

And excessive Fines have beene imposed.

Punishments.

And illegall and cruell Punishments inflicted.

Grants of Fines, &c. before Conviction, &c.

And severall Grants and Promises made of Fines and Forfeitures before any Conviction or Judgement against the Persons upon whome the same were to be levyed. All which are utterly directly contrary to the knowne Lawes and Statutes and Freedome of this Realme.

Recital that the late King James II. had abdicated the Government, and that the Throne was vacant, and that the Prince of Orange had written Letters to the Lords and Commons for the choosing Representatives in Parliament.

And whereas the said late King James the Second haveing Abdicated the Government and the Throne being thereby Vacant His [X2Hignesse] the Prince of Orange (whome it hath pleased Almighty God to make the glorious Instrument of Delivering this Kingdome from Popery and Arbitrary Power) did (by the Advice of the Lords Spirituall and Temporall and diverse principall Persons of the Commons) cause Letters to be written to the Lords Spirituall and Temporall being Protestants and other Letters to the severall Countyes Cityes Universities Burroughs and Cinque Ports for the Choosing of such Persons to represent them as were of right to be sent to Parlyament to meete and sitt at Westminster upon the two and twentyeth day of January in this Yeare one thousand six hundred eighty and eight in order to such an Establishment as that their Religion Lawes and Liberties might not againe be in danger of being Subverted, Upon which Letters Elections haveing beene accordingly made.

The Subject’s Rights.

And thereupon the said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons pursuant to their respective Letters and Elections being now assembled in a full and free Representative of this Nation takeing into their most serious Consideration the best meanes for attaining the Ends aforesaid Doe in the first place (as their Auncestors in like Case have usually done) for the Vindicating and Asserting their auntient Rights and Liberties, Declare

Dispensing Power.

That the pretended Power of Suspending of Laws or the Execution of Laws by Regall Authority without Consent of Parlyament is illegall.

Late dispensing Power.

That the pretended Power of Dispensing with Laws or the Execution of Laws by Regall Authoritie as it hath beene assumed and exercised of late is illegall.

Ecclesiastical Courts illegal.

That the Commission for erecting the late Court of Commissioners for Ecclesiasticall Causes and all other Commissions and Courts of like nature are Illegall and Pernicious.

Levying Money.

That levying Money for or to the Use of the Crowne by pretence of Prerogative without Grant of Parlyament for longer time or in other manner then the same is or shall be granted is Illegall.

Right to petition.

That it is the Right of the Subjects to petition the King and all Commitments and Prosecutions for such Petitioning are Illegall.

Standing Army.

That the raising or keeping a standing Army within the Kingdome in time of Peace unlesse it be with Consent of Parlyament is against Law.

Subjects’ Arms.

That the Subjects which are Protestants may have Arms for their Defence suitable to their Conditions and as allowed by Law.

Freedom of Election.

That Election of Members of Parlyament ought to be free.

Freedom of Speech. (Article 9)

That the Freedome of Speech and Debates or Proceedings in Parlyament ought not to be impeached or questioned in any Court or Place out of Parlyament.

(Note: The British Judiciary 'conspires to pervert the course of justice' by determining and ruling that this "Article 9" provides Parliament with it's "SUPREMACY" thereby denying all challenge to parliament in the Courts. But, "Article 9" is not 'ABSOLUTE'; it is merely conditional. The 'conditions' set out in the paragraph of this Bill, known as, "The Said Rights Claimed", as shown below.) 

Excessive Bail.

That excessive Baile ought not to be required nor excessive Fines imposed nor cruell and unusuall Punishments inflicted.

Juries.

That Jurors ought to be duely impannelled and returned . . . F1

Grants of Forfeitures.

That all Grants and Promises of Fines and Forfeitures of particular persons before Conviction are illegall and void.

Frequent Parliaments.

And that for Redresse of all Grievances and for the amending strengthening and preserveing of the Lawes Parlyaments ought to be held frequently.

The said Rights claimed. Tender of the Crown. Regal Power exercised. Limitation of the Crown.

(Note: Here follows the People's protection in

the paragraph: "The Said Rights Claimed".)

And they doe Claime Demand and Insist upon all and singular the Premises as their undoubted Rights and Liberties and that noe Declarations Judgements Doeings or Proceedings to the Prejudice of the People in any of the said Premisses ought in any wise to be drawne hereafter into Consequence or Example. To which Demand of their Rights they are particularly encouraged by the Declaration of this Highnesse the Prince of Orange as being the onely meanes for obtaining a full Redresse and Remedy therein. Haveing therefore an intire Confidence That his said Highnesse the Prince of Orange will perfect the Deliverance soe farr advanced by him and will still preserve them from the Violation of their Rights which they have here asserted and from all other Attempts upon their Religion Rights and Liberties. The said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons assembled at Westminster doe Resolve That William and Mary Prince and Princesse of Orange be and be declared King and Queene of England France and Ireland and the Dominions thereunto belonging to hold the Crowne and Royall Dignity of the said Kingdomes and Dominions to them the said Prince and Princesse dureing their Lives and the Life of the Survivour of them And that the sole and full Exercise of the Regall Power be onely in and executed by the said Prince of Orange in the Names of the said Prince and Princesse dureing their joynt Lives And after their Deceases the said Crowne and Royall Dignitie of the said Kingdoms and Dominions to be to the Heires of the Body of the said Princesse And for default of such Issue to the Princesse Anne of Denmarke and the Heires of her Body And for default of such Issue to the Heires of the Body of the said Prince of Orange. And the Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons doe pray the said Prince and (X3) Princesse to accept the same accordingly.

New Oaths of Allegiance, &c.

And that the Oathes hereafter mentioned be taken by all Persons of whome the Oathes of Allegiance and Supremacy might be required by Law instead of them And that the said Oathes of Allegiance and Supremacy be abrogated.

Allegiance.

I A B doe sincerely promise and sweare That I will be faithfull and beare true Allegiance to their Majestyes King William and Queene Mary Soe helpe me God.

Supremacy.

I A B doe sweare That I doe from my Heart Abhorr, Detest and Abjure as Impious and Hereticall this damnable Doctrine and Position That Princes Excommunicated or Deprived by the Pope or any Authority of the See of Rome may be deposed or murdered by their Subjects or any other whatsoever. And I doe declare That noe Forreigne Prince Person Prelate, State or Potentate hath or ought to have any Jurisdiction Power Superiority Preeminence or Authoritie Ecclesiasticall or Spirituall within this Realme Soe helpe me God.

Acceptance of the Crown. The Two Houses to sit. Subjects’ Liberties to be allowed, and Ministers hereafter to serve according to the same. William and Mary declared King and Queen. Limitation of the Crown. Papists debarred the Crown. Every King, &c. shall make the Declaration of 30 Car. II. If under 12 Years old, to be done after Attainment thereof. King’s and Queen’s Assent

Upon which their said Majestyes did accept the Crowne and Royall Dignitie of the Kingdoms of England France and Ireland and the Dominions thereunto belonging according to the Resolution and Desire of the said Lords and Commons contained in the said Declaration. And thereupon their Majestyes were pleased That the said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons being the two Houses of Parlyament should continue to sitt and with their Majesties Royall Concurrence make effectuall Provision for the Setlement of the Religion Lawes and Liberties of this Kingdome soe that the same for the future might not be in danger againe of being subverted, To which the said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons did agree and proceede to act accordingly. Now in pursuance of the Premisses the said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons in Parlyament assembled for the ratifying confirming and establishing the said Declaration and the Articles Clauses Matters and Things therein contained by the Force of a Law made in due Forme by Authority of Parlyament doe pray that it may be declared and enacted That all and singular the Rights and Liberties asserted and claimed in the said Declaration are the true auntient and indubitable Rights and Liberties of the People of this Kingdome and soe shall be esteemed allowed adjudged deemed and taken to be and that all and every the particulars aforesaid shall be firmly and strictly holden and observed as they are expressed in the said Declaration And all Officers and Ministers whatsoever shall serve their Majestyes and their Successors according to the same in all times to come. And the said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons seriously considering how it hath pleased Almighty God in his marvellous Providence and mercifull Goodness to this Nation to provide and preserve their said Majestyes Royall Persons most happily to Raigne over us upon the Throne of their Auncestors for which they render unto him from the bottome of their Hearts their humblest Thanks and Praises doe truely firmely assuredly and in the Sincerity of their Hearts thinke and doe hereby recognize acknowledge and declare That King James the Second haveing abdicated the Government and their Majestyes haveing accepted the Crowne and Royall Dignity [X4as] aforesaid Their said Majestyes did become were are and of right ought to be by the Lawes of this Realme our Soveraigne Liege Lord and Lady King and Queene of England France and Ireland and the Dominions thereunto belonging in and to whose Princely Persons the Royall State Crowne and Dignity of the said Realmes with all Honours Stiles Titles Regalities Prerogatives Powers Jurisdictions and Authorities to the same belonging and appertaining are most fully rightfully and intirely invested and incorporated united and annexed And for preventing all Questions and Divisions in this Realme by reason of any pretended Titles to the Crowne and for preserveing a Certainty in the Succession thereof in and upon which the Unity Peace Tranquillity and Safety of this Nation doth under God wholly consist and depend The said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons doe beseech their Majestyes That it may be enacted established and declared That the Crowne and Regall Government of the said Kingdoms and Dominions with all and singular the Premisses thereunto belonging and appertaining shall bee and continue to their said Majestyes and the Survivour of them dureing their Lives and the Life of the Survivour of them And that the entire perfect and full Exercise of the Regall Power and Government be onely in and executed by his Majestie in the Names of both their Majestyes dureing their joynt Lives And after their deceases the said Crowne and Premisses shall be and remaine to the Heires of the Body of her Majestie and for default of such Issue to her Royall Highnesse the Princess Anne of Denmarke and the Heires of her Body and for default of such Issue to the Heires of the Body of his said Majestie And thereunto the said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons doe in the Name of all the People aforesaid most humbly and faithfully submitt themselves their Heires and Posterities for ever and doe faithfully promise That they will stand to maintaine and defend their said Majesties and alsoe the Limitation and Succession of the Crowne herein specified and contained to the utmost of their Powers with their Lives and Estates against all Persons whatsoever that shall attempt any thing to the contrary. And whereas it hath beene found by Experience that it is inconsistent with the Safety and Welfaire of this Protestant Kingdome to be governed by a Popish Prince or by any King or Queene marrying a Papist the said Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons doe further pray that it may be enacted That all and every person and persons that is are or shall be reconciled to or shall hold Communion with the See or Church of Rome or shall professe the Popish Religion or shall marry a Papist shall be excluded and be for ever uncapeable to inherit possesse or enjoy the Crowne and Government of this Realme and Ireland and the Dominions thereunto belonging or any part of the same or to have use or exercise any Regall Power Authoritie or Jurisdiction within the same [X5And in all and every such Case or Cases the People of these Realmes shall be and are hereby absolved of their Allegiance] And the said Crowne and Government shall from time to time descend to and be enjoyed by such person or persons being Protestants as should have inherited and enjoyed the same in case the said person or persons soe reconciled holding Communion or Professing or Marrying as aforesaid were naturally dead [X6And that every King and Queene of this Realme who at any time hereafter shall come to and succeede in the Imperiall Crowne of this Kingdome shall on the first day of the meeting of the first Parlyament next after his or her comeing to the Crowne sitting in his or her Throne in the House of Peeres in the presence of the Lords and Commons therein assembled or at his or her Coronation before such person or persons who shall administer the Coronation Oath to him or her at the time of his or her takeing the said Oath (which shall first happen) make subscribe and audibly repeate the Declaration mentioned in the Statute made in the thirtyeth yeare of the Raigne of King Charles the Second Entituled An Act for the more effectuall Preserveing the Kings Person and Government by disableing Papists from sitting in either House of Parlyament But if it shall happen that such King or Queene upon his or her Succession to the Crowne of this Realme shall be under the Age of twelve yeares then every such King or Queene shall make subscribe and audibly repeate the said Declaration at his or her Coronation or the first day of the meeting of the first Parlyament as aforesaid which shall first happen after such King or Queene shall have attained the said Age of twelve yeares.] All which Their Majestyes are contented and pleased shall be declared enacted and established by authoritie of this present Parliament and shall stand remaine and be the Law of this Realme for ever And the same are by their said Majesties by and with the advice and consent of the Lords Spirituall and Temporall and Commons in Parlyament assembled and by the authoritie of the same declared enacted and established accordingly

Annotations:

Annotations are used to give authority for changes and other effects on the legislation you are viewing and to convey editorial information. They appear at the foot of the relevant provision or under the associated heading. Annotations are categorised by annotation type, such as F-notes for textual amendments and I-notes for commencement information (a full list can be found in the Editorial Practice Guide). Each annotation is identified by a sequential reference number. For F-notes, M-notes and X-notes, the number also appears in bold superscript at the relevant location in the text. All annotations contain links to the affecting legislation.

Editorial Information

X1The Bill of Rights is assigned to the year 1688 on legislation.gov.uk (as it was previously in successive official editions of the revised statutes from which the online version is derived) although the Act received Royal Assent on 16th December 1689. This follows the practice adopted in The Statutes of the Realm, Vol. VI (1819), in the Chronological Table in that volume and all subsequent Chronological Tables of the Statutes, which attach all the Acts in 1 Will and Mar sess 2 to the year 1688. The first Parliament of William and Mary (the Convention Parliament) convened on 13th February 1689 (1688 in the old style calendar - until 1st Jan 1752 the calendar year began on March 25th). It appears that all the Acts of that Parliament (both sessions) were treated as being Acts of 1688 using the old method of reckoning, according to which, until 1793, all Acts passed in a session of Parliament with no specified commencement date were deemed to be passed in the year in which that session began (see Acts of Parliament (Commencement) Act 1793 (c 13)). The Short Titles Act 1896 (c. 14) gave to chapter 2 of 1 Will and Mar sess 2 the title "The Bill of Rights", without attributing it to any calendar year. In the Republic of Ireland, the Short Titles Act 1896 (c 14) has been amended to add "1688" to the short title of The Bill of Rights as it continues to have effect there (see Statute Law Revision Act 2007, Act of the Oireachtas No 28 of 2007, s 5(a)).

X2Variant reading of the text noted in The Statutes of the Realm as follows: Highnesse O. [O. refers to a collection in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge]

X3Variant reading of the text noted in The Statutes of the Realm as follows: and O. [O. refers to a collection in the library of Trinity College, Cambridge]

X4interlined on the Roll.

X5annexed to the Original Act in a separate Schedule.

X6annexed to the Original Act in a separate Schedule.

Amendments (Textual)

F1Words repealed by (E.W.) Juries Act 1825 (c. 50), s. 62 and (N.I.) Statute Law Revision Act 1950 (c. 6), Sch. 1

Modifications etc. (not altering text)

C1Short title "The Bill of Rights" given by Short Titles Act 1896 (c. 14), Sch. 1

C2Act declared to be a Statute by Crown and Parliament Recognition Act 1689 (c. 1)

C3S. 1 amended by Accession Declaration Act 1910 (c. 29), s. 1